intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats

Dispose of the needle and syringe into a properly labeled needle disposal container. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. For example, essential vaccines in dogs in the USA would normally include canine distemper virus, parvovirus, adenovirus, and rabies virus. Dissection kit and huck towel pack (to simulate sterile sx pack), 31. 213 2422 20, Subcutaneous ('under the skin') injection. INTRAMUSCULAR USE OF ALFAXALONE IN CATS A PubMed search of "alfaxalone" and "intramuscular" produces over 200 hits with studies involving both cats and dogs, but also ranging from hedgehogs and ducks to bearded dragons and koalas. The other main means of administering treatment is via the mouth and digestive system the oral route. The veterinarians instructions or the label on the container will tell you the volume of medication that needs to be injected. 0000030652 00000 n Allergies: Atopic Dermatitis (Airborne) in Dogs and Cats. %PDF-1.3 % xref 0000013654 00000 n This helps disperse the drug and decrease the likelihood of the injection site being damaged. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. Injection into muscle is not without some risk since there are many important structurese.g. Most injectable medications given at home are done subcutaneously (known as an SC or SQ injection), which means the medicine is injected directly under the skin. Following intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone acetate, a prolonged systemic effect results. Several reasons may contribute to post-injection stiffness, including age, previous injuries, and overexertion. In contrast, material injected into the lumbar area and cranial region of the thigh was located entirely in the muscle bellies. A veterinarian will use the most appropriate site for your dog's IM injection. If your pet is uncomfortable after an intramuscular injection, dont give it any more. In this lab, we will examine the epaxial muscles as an IM injection site. Most commonly used in cats but also acceptable for small dogs (the volume is fairly large for IM injection in medium-large dogs) Quick tip: The combination is generally dosed as approximately 0.1-0.2 mL per 4.5 kg (10lb) patient body weight of each drug. What should I do? Risks and complications Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. 0000006940 00000 n However, with the right knowledge, anyone can learn how to do this effectively and painlessly. The injections are given in the subcutaneous tissue (sub = under; cutaneous = skin), which is considerably looser in the dog than in the human. 0000002320 00000 n Cystocentesis Practice Model and FNA Model, 19. Animal Welfare Education Tool to Create Syllabus for Animal Welfare Course (AVMA), 34. However, IMs are typically given in the thigh muscles located on the front of the rear leg. After giving your pet an injection, you may want to give him a massage to help ease the pain and promote circulation. Intramuscular injection to a cat. Adequan is given via intramuscular injection (IM) only - meaning that it should be injected into the muscle, not under the skin. A simple serologic assay such as ELISA will provide this differentiation and enable eradication to proceed in the presence of vaccination. Depending on the vaccination, youll need a combination of powder and liquid. IM injections for canines are generally performed in the thigh muscles on the front of the rear limb or the hamstring muscles on the backside of the rear leg. All Rights Reserved. How to Add or Remove Contacts from Kids Messenger Account ; Step #1. A careful push of the plunger should remove the excess air. It is usually preferable to take the used needles and syringes to your veterinary clinic or local pharmacy for proper disposal. By 209.59.143.216 The Journal of small animal practice. 0000009951 00000 n The duration of this memory depends on multiple factors, such as the nature of the antigen, the use of live or dead organisms, the adjuvants used, and the route of administration. Procedure Summary & Goal a. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. 0000062989 00000 n Next: Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections. . Medicine. If you have the choice, the SQ method is the safest and easiest way to give vaccines, but some vaccines can only be given intramuscularly. Single-use, disposable needles ensure that the needle tip is very sharp to minimize pain. If you inject the injection intramuscularly to the dog as veterinarians do, you need to draw an imaginary line from the elbow to the place that you chose to insert the needle. IMPORTANT: The authors, reviewers, and editors of the material in the 2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats have made extensive efforts to ensure that treatments, drugs, and dosage regimens are accurate and conform to the standards accepted at the time of publication . Looking for a convenient way to access your pets health records, refill prescriptions, view upcoming appointments and more? Make sure the dog sees the syringe before giving it. Standard size needles recommended are 18 to 20-gauge needle from 1 to 1.5 inches long. The immune system has evolved to respond to complex organisms and multiple simultaneous challenges. This practice removes air bubbles in the formula, which can cause medical chaos during the injection process. However, this may not be practical for all clients. Others can be injected into a vein (intravenous, or IV injection) or into a muscle (intramuscular, or IM injection). The best place to inject is half-way up the neck, in front of the shoulder. Some tips for giving your dog an IM injection: -Locate the injection site. Insulin Syringes Difference between U 100 and U 40 and Emergency Conversion Chart, 54. Modified live vaccines, however, may induce a protective primary immune response and some immunologic memory. To administer the injection, use a 0.5-inch-long needle. If youre administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, the question you might be asking yourself is: Do you pinch the skin? What are the contraindications for this medication? The standard size needles to use for canine injections are 21 to 23-gauge needle, 1 to 1.5 inches long. The used needles and syringes should then be carefully stored in a sealed container or sharps box and returned to the veterinary practice for safe disposal. 5 40 : US 9.458,536 B2 Felts Et Al; . The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. 0000003707 00000 n Medications are administered directly into the vein via an IV. The area may bleed a little bit. Click to reveal Abbreviations are often used for injection routes, e.g. Conclusion. Verify and double check everything. The duration of immunity claimed by a vaccine manufacturer is the minimal duration supported by the data available at the time of approval. 0 Stick the needle into the container and inject the air inside. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Canine & Feline IM Injections The most common method of vaccine administration is by SC or IM injection. Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections, 48. Because of the complexity of many disease syndromes or to avoid giving animals multiple injections, it is common to use mixtures of organisms in single vaccines. It is important to check that the needle has not accidentally been placed in a blood vessel (particularly an artery) in the muscle, before giving the injection. How to give a Dog and a Cat an IM (Intramusular) injection? SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS I. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. x[r}WSjJpM]1SIIe"Zr)_srqYIT r=;w\6-+wtvswesUU6"9rrwSuEeYV>K& r+ Vs{ky-'|v?B^i^4E`)LU2mUYVL \T]X Use to remove results with certain terms I accidentally pricked myself while giving my pet an injection. Single surgeon 4 quarter/corner drape, large paper drape, Ioban adhesive skin protector, 30. Vaccines should never be mixed indiscriminately because one component may dominate and interfere with responses to the other components. If possible, avoid using the same spot for each injection. This technique can also be used for subcutaneous injections, though penetration of a blood vessel is far less likely to occur here. Also see pet health content regarding vaccines and immunotherapy in animals Vaccines and Immunotherapy The immune system protects the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and other microorganisms that can cause disease. Two of these conditions are: In many cases, dog owners are willing and able to administer these medications at home. The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955, Vaccine Failure and Other Adverse Events in Animals, Last review/revision Jul 2020 | Modified Nov 2022. An excellent example of this is the eradication of Aujeszky disease (porcine herpesvirus 1) from commercial swine in many developed countries with the aid of DIVA vaccines. 0000028815 00000 n Terms in this set (11) What are the common IM . 0000012952 00000 n 0000012017 00000 n Even killed viral vaccines may protect some animals against disease for many years. This route is not suitable for administration of irritant medications as they may cause severe skin reaction and damage. Author: Rudite Created Date: 2/19/2018 3:20:31 PM . Eventually, most pets will become accustomed to the procedure. Before administering the shot, make sure your dog is still awake and comfortable. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Vet Manual outside of North America. Intramuscular injections in dogs can be performed on the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, or triceps muscle. IM for intramuscular; SC or SQ for subcutaneous, and so on. This may even include injections, one of the best methods for providing medication to animals. Dry the skin and apply a bandage. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. All rights reserved. A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. If you are absolutely sure the cat received no drug, it is safe to repeat the injection. Can this medication be given to this species? Can this medication be given by this route? the abdominal cavity (known as intraperitoneal injection) or thoracic cavity (known as intrapleural injection), the quadriceps (muscle on the front of the thigh), lumbodorsal muscles (muscles either side of the lumbar spine). In addition to respiratory signs, decreased egg production and egg quality are common, and nephritis read more and Newcastle disease Newcastle Disease in Poultry Newcastle disease is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Local adverse vaccine reactions include pain at the injection site, hair loss or change in hair color at the injection site, and swellings. Vaccinations for dogs can be scary, so its best to take your time and follow the instructions of your veterinarian. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. An alternative site and technique are suggested to ensure a more reliable effect when an intramuscular injection is indicated. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. All Rights Reserved. Keep reading to find out more! Subcutaneous injections are administered at an angle of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, depending on the amount of subcutaneous tissue. Intramuscular IM Injection Sites for Dogs and Cats. This approach is known as a prime-boost strategy. Nebulised drugs can be delivered via a face mask although many conscious patients will not tolerate a face mask, so a special nebulisation chamber is often required. These maternal antibodies may drop below protective levels while, at the same time, preventing successful immunization. In dogs, the appropriate sites for intramuscular injections include the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, and triceps muscles. Dogs and Cats . The average intramuscular dose for dogs is 20 mg. 0000033570 00000 n Introduction to Clinical Skills and Tidy Up Time. This may happen when you are learning to give injections, especially when using the very fine ultra-sharp needles used for insulin administration.

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intramuscular injection sites in dogs and cats

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Dispose of the needle and syringe into a properly labeled needle disposal container. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. For example, essential vaccines in dogs in the USA would normally include canine distemper virus, parvovirus, adenovirus, and rabies virus. Dissection kit and huck towel pack (to simulate sterile sx pack), 31. 213 2422 20, Subcutaneous ('under the skin') injection. INTRAMUSCULAR USE OF ALFAXALONE IN CATS A PubMed search of "alfaxalone" and "intramuscular" produces over 200 hits with studies involving both cats and dogs, but also ranging from hedgehogs and ducks to bearded dragons and koalas. The other main means of administering treatment is via the mouth and digestive system the oral route. The veterinarians instructions or the label on the container will tell you the volume of medication that needs to be injected. 0000030652 00000 n Allergies: Atopic Dermatitis (Airborne) in Dogs and Cats. %PDF-1.3 % xref 0000013654 00000 n This helps disperse the drug and decrease the likelihood of the injection site being damaged. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. Injection into muscle is not without some risk since there are many important structurese.g. Most injectable medications given at home are done subcutaneously (known as an SC or SQ injection), which means the medicine is injected directly under the skin. Following intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone acetate, a prolonged systemic effect results. Several reasons may contribute to post-injection stiffness, including age, previous injuries, and overexertion. In contrast, material injected into the lumbar area and cranial region of the thigh was located entirely in the muscle bellies. A veterinarian will use the most appropriate site for your dog's IM injection. If your pet is uncomfortable after an intramuscular injection, dont give it any more. In this lab, we will examine the epaxial muscles as an IM injection site. Most commonly used in cats but also acceptable for small dogs (the volume is fairly large for IM injection in medium-large dogs) Quick tip: The combination is generally dosed as approximately 0.1-0.2 mL per 4.5 kg (10lb) patient body weight of each drug. What should I do? Risks and complications Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. Dermatologic Lesion Documentation and Description, 51. 0000006940 00000 n However, with the right knowledge, anyone can learn how to do this effectively and painlessly. The injections are given in the subcutaneous tissue (sub = under; cutaneous = skin), which is considerably looser in the dog than in the human. 0000002320 00000 n Cystocentesis Practice Model and FNA Model, 19. Animal Welfare Education Tool to Create Syllabus for Animal Welfare Course (AVMA), 34. However, IMs are typically given in the thigh muscles located on the front of the rear leg. After giving your pet an injection, you may want to give him a massage to help ease the pain and promote circulation. Intramuscular injection to a cat. Adequan is given via intramuscular injection (IM) only - meaning that it should be injected into the muscle, not under the skin. A simple serologic assay such as ELISA will provide this differentiation and enable eradication to proceed in the presence of vaccination. Depending on the vaccination, youll need a combination of powder and liquid. IM injections for canines are generally performed in the thigh muscles on the front of the rear limb or the hamstring muscles on the backside of the rear leg. All Rights Reserved. How to Add or Remove Contacts from Kids Messenger Account ; Step #1. A careful push of the plunger should remove the excess air. It is usually preferable to take the used needles and syringes to your veterinary clinic or local pharmacy for proper disposal. By 209.59.143.216 The Journal of small animal practice. 0000009951 00000 n The duration of this memory depends on multiple factors, such as the nature of the antigen, the use of live or dead organisms, the adjuvants used, and the route of administration. Procedure Summary & Goal a. These intramuscular injections are usually on the neck, chest, glute, or hind leg, though it may differ depending on the animal, there are fewer pain receptors is muscle tissues making it an ideal site for more irritating or viscous medications. 0000062989 00000 n Next: Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections. . Medicine. If you have the choice, the SQ method is the safest and easiest way to give vaccines, but some vaccines can only be given intramuscularly. Single-use, disposable needles ensure that the needle tip is very sharp to minimize pain. If you inject the injection intramuscularly to the dog as veterinarians do, you need to draw an imaginary line from the elbow to the place that you chose to insert the needle. IMPORTANT: The authors, reviewers, and editors of the material in the 2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats have made extensive efforts to ensure that treatments, drugs, and dosage regimens are accurate and conform to the standards accepted at the time of publication . Looking for a convenient way to access your pets health records, refill prescriptions, view upcoming appointments and more? Make sure the dog sees the syringe before giving it. Standard size needles recommended are 18 to 20-gauge needle from 1 to 1.5 inches long. The immune system has evolved to respond to complex organisms and multiple simultaneous challenges. This practice removes air bubbles in the formula, which can cause medical chaos during the injection process. However, this may not be practical for all clients. Others can be injected into a vein (intravenous, or IV injection) or into a muscle (intramuscular, or IM injection). The best place to inject is half-way up the neck, in front of the shoulder. Some tips for giving your dog an IM injection: -Locate the injection site. Insulin Syringes Difference between U 100 and U 40 and Emergency Conversion Chart, 54. Modified live vaccines, however, may induce a protective primary immune response and some immunologic memory. To administer the injection, use a 0.5-inch-long needle. If youre administering an intramuscular injection to your dog, the question you might be asking yourself is: Do you pinch the skin? What are the contraindications for this medication? The standard size needles to use for canine injections are 21 to 23-gauge needle, 1 to 1.5 inches long. The used needles and syringes should then be carefully stored in a sealed container or sharps box and returned to the veterinary practice for safe disposal. 5 40 : US 9.458,536 B2 Felts Et Al; . The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. 0000003707 00000 n Medications are administered directly into the vein via an IV. The area may bleed a little bit. Click to reveal Abbreviations are often used for injection routes, e.g. Conclusion. Verify and double check everything. The duration of immunity claimed by a vaccine manufacturer is the minimal duration supported by the data available at the time of approval. 0 Stick the needle into the container and inject the air inside. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Canine & Feline IM Injections The most common method of vaccine administration is by SC or IM injection. Local Anesthetic Intradermal Injections, 48. Because of the complexity of many disease syndromes or to avoid giving animals multiple injections, it is common to use mixtures of organisms in single vaccines. It is important to check that the needle has not accidentally been placed in a blood vessel (particularly an artery) in the muscle, before giving the injection. How to give a Dog and a Cat an IM (Intramusular) injection? SOP: INJECTIONS IN DOGS AND CATS I. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. x[r}WSjJpM]1SIIe"Zr)_srqYIT r=;w\6-+wtvswesUU6"9rrwSuEeYV>K& r+ Vs{ky-'|v?B^i^4E`)LU2mUYVL \T]X Use to remove results with certain terms I accidentally pricked myself while giving my pet an injection. Single surgeon 4 quarter/corner drape, large paper drape, Ioban adhesive skin protector, 30. Vaccines should never be mixed indiscriminately because one component may dominate and interfere with responses to the other components. If possible, avoid using the same spot for each injection. This technique can also be used for subcutaneous injections, though penetration of a blood vessel is far less likely to occur here. Also see pet health content regarding vaccines and immunotherapy in animals Vaccines and Immunotherapy The immune system protects the body against foreign invaders such as bacteria and other microorganisms that can cause disease. Two of these conditions are: In many cases, dog owners are willing and able to administer these medications at home. The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955, Vaccine Failure and Other Adverse Events in Animals, Last review/revision Jul 2020 | Modified Nov 2022. An excellent example of this is the eradication of Aujeszky disease (porcine herpesvirus 1) from commercial swine in many developed countries with the aid of DIVA vaccines. 0000028815 00000 n Terms in this set (11) What are the common IM . 0000012952 00000 n 0000012017 00000 n Even killed viral vaccines may protect some animals against disease for many years. This route is not suitable for administration of irritant medications as they may cause severe skin reaction and damage. Author: Rudite Created Date: 2/19/2018 3:20:31 PM . Eventually, most pets will become accustomed to the procedure. Before administering the shot, make sure your dog is still awake and comfortable. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Vet Manual outside of North America. Intramuscular injections in dogs can be performed on the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, or triceps muscle. IM for intramuscular; SC or SQ for subcutaneous, and so on. This may even include injections, one of the best methods for providing medication to animals. Dry the skin and apply a bandage. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. All rights reserved. A positive action for insertion of needles into muscles reduces muscle damage and pain and massaging the site after injection disperses the injection and may help to reduce pain. If you are absolutely sure the cat received no drug, it is safe to repeat the injection. Can this medication be given to this species? Can this medication be given by this route? the abdominal cavity (known as intraperitoneal injection) or thoracic cavity (known as intrapleural injection), the quadriceps (muscle on the front of the thigh), lumbodorsal muscles (muscles either side of the lumbar spine). In addition to respiratory signs, decreased egg production and egg quality are common, and nephritis read more and Newcastle disease Newcastle Disease in Poultry Newcastle disease is an infection of domestic poultry and other bird species with virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Local adverse vaccine reactions include pain at the injection site, hair loss or change in hair color at the injection site, and swellings. Vaccinations for dogs can be scary, so its best to take your time and follow the instructions of your veterinarian. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. An alternative site and technique are suggested to ensure a more reliable effect when an intramuscular injection is indicated. In feedlot cattle, the respiratory form is most common. All Rights Reserved. Keep reading to find out more! Subcutaneous injections are administered at an angle of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, depending on the amount of subcutaneous tissue. Intramuscular IM Injection Sites for Dogs and Cats. This approach is known as a prime-boost strategy. Nebulised drugs can be delivered via a face mask although many conscious patients will not tolerate a face mask, so a special nebulisation chamber is often required. These maternal antibodies may drop below protective levels while, at the same time, preventing successful immunization. In dogs, the appropriate sites for intramuscular injections include the quadriceps, lumbodorsal, and triceps muscles. Dogs and Cats . The average intramuscular dose for dogs is 20 mg. 0000033570 00000 n Introduction to Clinical Skills and Tidy Up Time. This may happen when you are learning to give injections, especially when using the very fine ultra-sharp needles used for insulin administration. Steve Hartman Wife, Barcelona Engagement Photographer Near Seine Et Marne, Articles I

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